Woolen yarn
Woolens
Woolen is a type of yarn that is made from carded
wool. The woolen yarn is very soft, lightly stretched, and full of air. It is
thus a good insulator and makes a good knitting yarn. Woolen yarn is in
contrast to worsted yarn in which the fibers are combed to lie parallel rather
than carded, producing a hard and strong yarn. It is a general term describing
various fabrics woven from woolen yarn that is spun from the shorter wool
fibers. These shorter fibers are not combed to lie flat as in the worsted yarn.
It is the shorter fibers that lie in several different directions and stand up
from the surface and give the fabric a ‘fuzzy’ or ‘hairy’ touch. This results
in soft surface textures and finishes to the fabric.
Worsteds
Worsted is a high-quality wool yarn,
the fabric made from this type of yarn is called worsted fabric. The name
worsted derives from worsted. The village Norfolk together with North Walsham
and Aylsham formed a manufacturing center for yarn and cloth in the 12th
century when pasture enclosure and liming rendered the East Very rich Anglian
soil for old agricultural sheep breeds. At the same time, many weavers from
Flanders moved to Norfolk. Although both are made from sheep's wool,
"worsted" yarns/fabrics are different from wool. The former is
considered stronger, finer, smoother, and tougher than the latter. Worsted was
made from the long-staple pasture wool from sheep breeds such as Tees-waters,
Old Leicester Longwool, and Romney Marsh. Pasture wool was not carded; instead,
it was washed, gilled and combed, oiled, and finally spun. When woven worsteds
were scoured but not full. Worsted wool fabric is typically used in the
making of tailored garments such as suits, as opposed to woolen wool which is
used for knitted items such as sweaters. It is a general term for fabrics woven
from worsted yarns that contain longer fibers spun from combed wool. Worsted
wool refers to tightly woven, smooth, finished fabric in various towels and
other strong weaves. Worsted fabrics are often more expensive than wool spun
products due to the longer raw material to the yarn processing route used.
Worsted fabric is generally stronger and wears better than a woolen-spun fabric of equivalent weave construction and fabric weight. Worsted fabrics are
preferred for trousers and suiting’s where a smooth finish is required.
Types of wool-
There are many types of wool found all over the world. Such
as below-
1. Merino Wool
Merino
wool is one of the world’s familiar types of wool. A majority of merino sheep
are bred in Australia and merino sheep wool is used to make all sorts of
different kinds of garments and industrial materials. This type of wool can
have a diameter below 20 microns which makes it one of the best types of wool
products in existence. Even after originally raising merino sheep in Spain,
this European country rarely produced merino wool. Since merino wool is
relatively sticky before being processed. It is necessary to remove lanolin
from this type of textile before it can be spun into yarn.
2. Mohair Wool
Mohair
the wool comes from angora goats which have incredibly thick, wavy wool. While
it’s possible to gather mohair wool without hurting angora goats. The
widespread misuse of these wool-bearing animals has been the subject of
controversy for generations in the mohair industry.
While
other types of wool leaves may not be very mature, Angora goat's wavy hair
naturally leads to high-cream woolen textiles. During the 1970s and 1980s,
mohair was very much in vogue and trendy urbanites wore mohair sweaters and put
mohair carpeting in their homes until the rampant animal abuses in the mohair
industry came to light.
3. Cashmere Wool
It
is one of the most expensive and luxurious types of wool. The name cashmere
comes from the Indian region of Kashmir, the region where cashmere's
wool-supplying cattle goats originated. With a diameter of hair as short as 18
microns, cashmere is as soft and delicate as merino wool. The high price of
cashmere wool, however, comes from the fact that cashmere goats can only
produce around 150 to 200 grams of wool per year, which makes this type of wool
a highly desired commodity.
4. Alpaca Wool
People
of South America have been breeding alpacas for their wool for thousands of
years. Younger alpacas can yield hairs as small as 15 microns but alpaca wool
roughens as it ages, which makes the hair fibers of older alpacas unusable for
apparel purposes. There are several different species of alpacas that breeders
use for wool and Suri, and alpaca wool is one of the most valuable varieties of
this natural textile. While some manufacturers use pure alpaca wool to make
garments, most manufacturers blend this type of wool with less expensive wool
varieties to take advantage of the attractive qualities of alpaca fibers at no
unreasonable cost.
5. Camel Wool
It
is incredibly insulative but also less durable than other types of wool. Since
camel hair is relatively rough, it is not suitable for any clothing that
directly touches the skin.
6. Qiviut Wool
The
qiviut wool is a type of musk ox native to Alaska. While the fibers produced by
this animal is very rough and they are eight times more insulative than sheep
wool which makes qiviut wool ideal for gloves, hats, and other types of cold
weather gear.
7. Virgin Wool
Virgin
wool is also known as lamb’s wool. It is wool which is made from a lamb’s first
shearing. This term may also indicate that the reverse has not been reused.
8. Angora Wool
The
Angora wool comes from a special breed of rabbit that produces incredibly fine
and soft hair. This type of wool is very expensive and the rabbits that produce
it is not commonly kept inhumane conditions.
Conclusion
Different types of wool found all
over the world. Mainly two categories are woolen and worsted. Wool has a strong
contribution to the textile world. The wool used in making a sweater, blanket,
and many other purposes.
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