Introduction
Yarn is a very important part of the textile. It is
a long continuous length of interlocked fibers, suitable for use
in the production of textiles, sewing, crocheting, knitting, weaving, embroidery, or rope making.
Yarn measurement system
There
are different types of yarn measurement systems as bellows-
A.Cotton
Counts: Refers to the thickness of the cotton yarn where 840 yards of yarn
weigh 1 pound (0.45 kg). 10 count cotton means that 8,400 yards (7,700 m) of
yarn weighs 1 pound (0.45 kg). It is thicker than 40 count cotton where 40x840
yards is required. In the United Kingdom, Counts in the 40s are coarse (Oldham
Counts), 40 to 80s are medium counts and above 80 is a fine count. In The United States, one to 20s is coarse counts.
B.
Hank: A length of 7 leas or 840 yards of yarn is called hank (the worsted hank is
only 560 yds.)
C.
Thread: Thread, usually consisting of multiple yarns plied together producing a
long, thin strand used in sewing or weaving, is measured in the same units as
yarn. The length of a warp beam is 54.
D.
Bundle: Usually 10 lbs. yarn is called a bundle.
E.
Lea: A length of 80 threads or 120 yards is called Lea. The number of yarns per
1 pound (0.45 kg) of length is 300 yards (270 m). Lea is an indirect measure of
linear density.
F.
Denier: Denier is an alternative method of counts. It is defined as a number
equal to the weight of a single thread of 9000 m grams. 15 deniers were fined more
than 30 frauds. Denier is a direct measure of linear density.
The
measurement rejection system is used in two- and single-filament fibers. Some
common calculations are as follows:
1
denier = 1g/9000 m
= 0.11mg/m
G.
Tex: Tex is the weight in grams of 1 km of yarn. Tex is a direct measure of linear
density. Tex is used to measure fiber size in many products, including
cigarette filters, optical cables, yarn, and fabric.
H.
Spindle: 14,400 yards of yarn is called a
spindle.
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