What is wool fiber?
Wool fiber is the textile fiber that is obtained from sheep and other animals, including cashmere and mohair from goats, qiviut from muskoxen, hide and fur clothing from bison, angora from rabbits, and other types of wool from came-lids. Wool fiber contains a small percentage of lipids as well as proteins. In this case, it is chemically dominant textile cotton from cellulose which is relatively different. Raw wool fiber has many impurities such as vegetable matter, sand, dirt, and yolk which is a mixture of suint (sweat), grease, urine stains, and dung locks.
Types of wool yarn
There are mainly two types of wool yarn. Such as-
Woolens: Woolen is a type of yarn made from carded wool. The woolen yarn is very soft, lightly stretched, and full of air. It is thus a good insulator and makes a good knitting yarn. Woolen yarn is in contrast to worsted yarn in which the fibers are combed to lie parallel rather than carded, producing a hard and strong yarn. It is a general term describing various fabrics woven from woolen yarn that is spun from the shorter wool fibers. These shorter fibers are not combed to lie flat as in the worsted yarn. It is the shorter fibers that lie in several different directions and stand up from the surface and give the fabric a ‘fuzzy’ or ‘hairy’ touch. This results in soft surface textures and finishes to the fabric.
Worsteds: Worsted
is a high-quality wool yarn, the fabric made from this type of yarn is
called worsted fabric. The name worsted derives from worsted. The village
Norfolk together with North Walsham and Aylsham formed a manufacturing center
for yarn and cloth in the 12th century when pasture enclosure and liming
rendered the East Very rich Anglian soil for old agricultural sheep breeds. At
the same time, many weavers from Flanders moved to Norfolk. Although both are
made from sheep's wool, worsted yarns/fabrics are different from
wool. The former is considered stronger, finer, smoother, and tougher than the
latter.
Worsted
was made from the long-staple pasture wool from sheep breeds such as
Tees-waters, Old Leicester Longwool, and Romney Marsh. Pasture wool was not
carded; instead, it was washed, gilled and combed, oiled, and finally spun.
When woven worsteds were scoured but not full. Worsted wool fabric is
typically used in the making of tailored garments such as suits, as opposed to
woolen wool which is used for knitted items such as sweaters. It is a general term for fabrics woven from worsted yarns that contain longer fibers spun from
combed wool.
Worsted
wool refers to tightly woven, smooth, finished fabric in various towels and
other strong weaves. Worsted fabrics are often more expensive than wool spun
products due to the longer raw material to the yarn processing route used.
Worsted fabric is generally stronger and wears better than a woolen-spun fabric of equivalent weave construction and fabric weight. Worsted fabrics are
preferred for trousers and suits where a smooth finish is required.
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