What is fabric testing? Different purposes and types of fabric testing in textile.

Introduction

Fabric testing plays an important role in determining product quality, ensuring regulatory compliance, and evaluating the effectiveness of textile materials. It provides information about the physical or structural features and functional characteristics of the fabric.

Fabric Testing in a laboratory

Fabric Testing

Usually, garments are produced from fabric. Fabric Knitted or woven or others, solid-colored dyed, printed, check, or stripe fabric can be finished. Before making garments from those fabrics, especially in large quantities, it should be kept in mind that the fabric may be rejected by the buyers due to some quality problems of the fabric although the fabric can be new. To avoid this kind of problem, the fabrics have to be tested to identify their true quality before making the fabric and this is called fabric testing.

Fabric Testing

Purpose of fabric testing

i. Check the fabric according to the fabric specification.

ii. Notice the impact of changes in structural details.

iii. Note the effects of physical and chemical treatments, weather or exposure to laundering or washing, etc.

iv. Get some identification of potential performance in use.

v. Causes of failure and customers to investigate complaints.

vi. Help design fabric for a specific purpose.

vii. To study fiber, yarn, and fabric interaction properties.

viii. For research and development purposes

ix. For new product development.

Types of Fabric Testing in Textile

Pilling test

i. Fastness to rubbing/crocking test.

ii. Visual inspection & grading.

iii. Bursting strength test.

iv. Abrasion resistance test.

v. Braking force & elongation test.

vi. Bubbling test for wool woven fabric.

vii. Lightfastness test for dyed fabric.

viii. Perspiration test for dyed fabric.

ix. Crimp% test of fabric.

x. Cross dyeing fastness test.

xi. Curling test in wool woven fabric.

xii. pH test.

xiii. Drape coefficient test.

xiv. Felting shrinkage test.

xv. Width test of fabric.

xvi. Oil stain resistance test.

xvii. Pilling test by ICI/Martindale method.

xviii. Pleating angle of fabric.

xix. Washing & ironing shrinkage test.

xx. Spin finish% test of fabric.

xxi. Tensile strength test.

xxii. Thread density test.

xxiii. The resistance of fabric-Shower test

xxiv. The resistance of fabric-Water drop test

xxv. The resistance of the fabric-Abrasion test

xxvi. Wt/sq meter test.

xxvii. Colorfastness test.

xxviii. Colorfastness to different solvent test

xxix. Colorfastness to water test.

xxx. Crease recovery test.

xxxi. Dry cleaning & steaming shrinkage test.

xxxii. Thickness test of fabric.

xxxiii. Seam slippage test.

xxxiv. Stretch Properties test of woven fabric.

xxxv. Dry cleaning fastness test.

xxxvi. Fastness to Hot-press test.

xxxvii. Hygral expansion test.

xxxviii. Flammability test.

xxxix. GB Test for China.

xxxx. Formaldehyde test.

Xxxxi. Antibacterial and antimicrobial test.

Xxxxii. Banned azo dyes and colorants test, etc.

Fabric testing different standards

i. International Standards: ISO, IEC, GATT

ii. American Association of Dyeing and Chemical Authors: AATCC

iii. Chinese National Standard: GB/FZ

iv. Japanese Industrial Standards: JIS

v. Regional standards: CEN, CENEL, ASAC, PASC, ARSO.

vi. EU Standards: EN

vii. American National Standard: ASTM

viii. Australian National Standards: AS

ix. Korean Industrial Standard: KS

x. French Standards: NF

xi. German Standard: DIN

xii. British National Standards: BS

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